arthur miller - 1937 Words

A In the period immediately following the end of World War II, American theater was transformed by the work of playwright Arthur Miller. Profoundly influenced by the Depression and the war that immediately followed it, Miller tapped into a sense of dissatisfaction and unrest within the greater American psyche. His probing dramas proved to be both the conscience and redemption of the times, allowing people an honest view of the direction the country had taken. Arthur Miller was born in Manhattan in 1915 to Jewish immigrant parents. By 1928, the family had moved to Brooklyn, after their garment manufacturing business began to fail. Witnessing the societal decay of the Depression and his father’s desperation due to business failures had an†¦show more content†¦His insight into the psychology of desperation and his ability to create stories that express the deepest meanings of struggle, have made him one of the most highly regarded and widely performed American playwrights. In his eighty-fifth year, Miller remains an active and important part of American theater. B. Before analysing Miller’s view of tragedy one must reconsider the traditional view, originally formulated by Aristotle and his critics, which Miller adapted and reinterpreted. Aristotelian tradition in the broadest terms defined tragedy as the imitation in prescribed dramatic form of a serious, complete human action, of great enough significance to be worthy of representation, which will strike the audience with pity and fear, two emotions far removed from sentimental tears. The hero of such a tragedy must be neither perfectly virtuous nor completely base but rather a man, great yet humanely fallible, who is preordained to suffer because of the fate of his inward character and a catastrophic series of events in the outward world. Also, he must never die ignorant of the circumstances of his fall, at somepoint, usually just before his death, he must undergo the painful process of discovery or revelation through which he will come to understand the reasons for and the signifi cance of his role(and may make ‘tragic reconciliation† with life). Aristotle specified that in Tragedy, the characters are portrayed as men far above theShow MoreRelated Arthur Miller Essay1170 Words   |  5 PagesArthur Miller Arthur Miller, in his plays, deals with the injustice of societys moral values and the characters who are vulnerable to its cruelty. A good majority of these plays were very successful and earned numerous awards. According to Brooks Atkinson, a critic for the New York Times, Millers play Death of a Salesman was successful because the play is so simple in style and so inevitable in theme that it scarcely seems like a thing that has been written and acted. For Mr. MillerRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 PagesUnbalance Through The Centuries In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, the author reflects the persecution of communists in America in the 1950’s through a recount of the Salem witch trials. It is often presumed that Miller based his drama directly off of events that were particularly prevalent in the years surrounding the publication of The Crucible- which was released in the year 1953, towards the conclusion of the Korean War. Although there was not a literal witch hunt occurring during this timeRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller Essay1552 Words   |  7 Pages Honor and Faith is what is questioned in Arthur Miller â€Å"The Crucible†. The Crucible is about the Salem witch trials. Several young girls claim to be afflicted by witchcraft. The afflicted girls accuse people in the town of witchcraft, often choosing victims who they or their families dislike. The main antagonist Abigail Williams with the other girl’s accusations resulted in the arrests and death of many people in the community of Salem. Arthur Miller wrote this play during the time of the RedRead MoreThe Crucible by Arthur Miller 801 Words   |  3 PagesThe performance of Arthur Millers drama, The Crucible, put on by the WolfPack Players is one that has taken a fair bit of polishing to go from an average high school show, to a great show; the director, Patrica Scarborough, can certainly attest to such a bold claim. While we were held back by petty issues such as lines, we were, as a company, able to pull it together, just in time for opening. I can honestly say, in my heart, that this show could have gone better. In no way am I marking this a shamefulRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1064 Words   |  5 PagesLucifer, Satan or his common name, the devil. From an English perspective, he is the first antagonist. In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, the Devil is the main cause of conflict. He is the root of Evil. Now the reaction to devilish behavior varies from person to person, possibly even society to society. The Puritan society combats evil doing with actions that could be considered worse than the Devil s worst of deeds. This is demonstrated by Reverend Hale, whose importance starts initially as a figureheadRead MoreThe Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay714 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"What was the Arthur purpose for writing The Crucible†? Well let’s start of by saying Arthur Miller was a extremely American play writing. Miller born in 1915, but where was his childhood? He grew up in New York with a Jewish family. Arthur Millers’ play went on Broadway at the Martin Beck. This occurred in the year of 1953. The play was called The Crucible. Was The Crucible even one of his best places? Well it was yet one of his best second plays. What were the events of the play of Miller had doneRead MoreArthur Miller Research Essay1102 Words   |  5 Pages2012 Arthur Miller Research Essay Arthur Miller was an American playwright who wrote plays such as â€Å"The Crucible† and â€Å"Death of a Salesman† because he thought theatre could change the world. He wrote his works based on friends, his own life, and family. People believed he was a man of integrity and a hero because of the ways he portrayed himself. He was born in 1915 in Harlem, New York and raised in a very wealthy household by his parents, Isidore and Augusta Miller. After highRead MoreArthur Miller And Elia Kazan815 Words   |  4 Pagescrazy to think how two people’s lives could be so intertwined. Arthur Miller and Elia Kazan, two completely different people with clashing personalities and morals, have one of the most complicated relationships in Hollywood history. With the same childhood, the same love interest, and same event that would make or break their career, the lives of these men were more intertwined than they had ever hoped or planned to be. Before Miller and Kazan had even met, their childhood proved to be somewhatRead MoreArthur Miller: The Family Man1129 Words   |  5 Pagesthe right choices, and a need to provide for them. Arthur Miller a father of three children himself, has this deeply rooted into his mind and within his literary works. (Abbotson) Arthur Asher Miller a man of many very high esteemed novels was born in New York City on October 17, 1915. (Hadomi) A man who saw all the harshness of the Great Depression, and had many jobs including a clerk, and a delivery boy for a bakery before school. Arthur Miller began writing in 1934 while he attended MichiganRead MoreDeath of Salesman by Arthur Miller972 Words   |  4 PagesDeath of a Salesman by the playwright Arthur Miller, the use of names is significant to the characters themselves. Many playwrights and authors use names in their works to make a connection between the reader and the main idea of their work. Arthur Miller uses names in this play extraordinarily. Not only does Miller use the names to get readers to correlate them with the main idea of the play, but he also uses names to provide some irony to the play. Miller uses the meanings of some of the names

Emily Grierson Motive to Kill Homer Barron - 1425 Words

William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is an intriguing tale of the life and death of Emily Grierson, who ends up killing her male companion, Homer Barron. A motive is not stated by the narrator, but when read critically a motive can be found. Several Literary critics have proposed different motives of why Emily Grierson killed Homer Barron. Some say that Homer was going to jilt Emily. Although homer was the not the marrying type, there is no evidence that homer was going to leave her. Another motive was that homer was gay. This motive was taken out of context; homer enjoyed being a bachelor, drinking with the guys at the local bar. Homer filled the void left by her Father, Mr. Grierson, since Homer and Mr. Grierson were very similar†¦show more content†¦The men admired her and the women talked about her. She was Jefferson’s modern day celebrity in a sense. And like any other celebrity she was look at to set an example, as well as to serve as a to pic of gossip. Dating Homer, a northerner, of course was not normal in the southern tradition nor would have it been pleasing to the Grierson family image. As Emily and Homer were continued to be seen in public, the gossip continued. The women of Jefferson were somewhat disgusted with their relationship. They sent the minister to guide Emily, which did not work. The next step was to call on the Grierson relatives that resided in Alabama. The Grierson family was considered the upper class of the town of Jefferson. Homer, a â€Å"Yankee† from the north, would be displeasing to the family’s name. Emily and her father lived on a â€Å"select street† as Faulkner described. The Grierson’s were looked down upon, almost hated for the way they thought about their status as upper class, the town believed â€Å"that the Griersons held themselves for a little too high for what they really were.† Faulkner never included what exactly happen when Emily†™s relatives came to visit. The relatives were only described to be â€Å"even more Grierson than Miss Emily had ever been†. Scherting came to a conclusion that â€Å"it was logical to assumeShow MoreRelatedMotivation In A Rose For Emily836 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Faulkner’s A Rose for Emily is a very intriguing short story about Miss Emily Grierson. In her early life, her father sheltered her from all men that wanted her. When he later died, she found a delightful man named Homer Barron. Emily and Homer had a relationship that was shamed by many of the people of Jefferson. Miss Emily’s name had always been in the gossip of the town. Miss Emily stayed confined in her home for the majority of her life. When she finally died, her family entered a roomRead MoreEmily Killing Homer: A Crime of Passion or an Act of a Frightened Girl864 Words   |  3 PagesEmily Killing Homer: a Crime of Passion or Act of Frightened Girl Faulkner’s tail of â€Å"A Rose for Emily † is a tail of thousand stories. Set up in the old south, at the same time it intrigues you and dazzles you. It tells the story of a daughter from an upper class family that ends up killing her male companion, Homer Baron. A motive for killing him is not stated in the story, but if red carefully one could be implied. Critiques disagree on what might have motived Emily to kill homer. Some sayRead MoreThe Demise Of Homer Barron1349 Words   |  6 Pagesof Homer Barron In William Faulkner’s short story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† Ms. Emily Grierson, the title character in the story, is a very peculiar character. Introverted from society, trapped in a world of misconceptions, Emily never receives any psychiatric treatment, but she definitely exhibits symptoms of a mental illness. By examining Emily’s behavior and her social relationships, it is possible to conclude that Emily was mentally unstable and possessed a personal motivation to kill Homer BaronRead MoreEssay on Connecting Symbols in A Rose for Emily1248 Words   |  5 Pagesand sometimes hidden meaning. In the short story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily† William Faulkner utilizes a vast collection of symbols, as a means to enhance the reader’s visual perceptions but also prompts consideration into theories of motive surrounding the murder of Homer Barron. Modeled after the post-civil war era of the American south, Falkner transports the reader to the fictitious town of Jefferson and into the home of Miss Emily Grierson, a mysterious figure and longtime resident of Yoknapatawpha CountyRead MoreWilliam Faulkner Symbolism Analysis1032 Words   |  5 Pagesand actions of the people of Jefferson Country, in particular, Emily Grierson; age, disuse, and decay are prevalent motifs used to elaborate on Faulkner’s symbolism. The Grierson house is a monument to the elegance of the Old South; the only monument remaining in Jefferson County. â€Å"Only Miss Emily’s house was left, lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and gasoline pumps†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Over the many decades the Grierson house has slowly begun to age and wither, yet the people of JeffersonRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1577 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Sarah Markins Dr. Bibby ENG 107 February 11, 2015 â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, written by William Faulkner in 1931, follows a series of peculiar events in Miss Emily Griersons life. Written in third person limited, Faulkner utilizes flashbacks to tell of the period between the death of Emily’s father and her own passing. Split into five short sections, the story starts out with the townspeople of Jefferson remembering Emily’s legacy and how each new generation ofRead More A Rose for Emily Essay1354 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Faulkner begins his short story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily† with the funeral of the main character, Emily Grierson (30). Emily is a quiet woman. It is said that nobody has been in her house for ten years, excluding her servant (30). Supposedly, her house used to be the best one around. The town also has a different connection with Miss Grierson. She is the only person in the town who is not forced to pay taxes. For years the town neither makes her pay, nor harasses her with tax notificat ion lettersRead MoreWhy Emily Killed Homer Barron Essay793 Words   |  4 PagesWhy Emily Killed Homer Barron In William Faulkners short story entitled A Rose For Emily, Emily Grierson kills her lover Homer Barron after being in love with him for about a year. She then sleeps next to the body in the upstairs bedroom of her home, loving it as if Homer were still alive. She then closes up the upstairs, never seeing the body again. There are three different motives that can be looked at as to why Emily killed Homer. She wanted to exercise power, she couldnt accept that HomerRead MoreA Psychological Reading of A Rose for Emily Essay2883 Words   |  12 PagesFreud and Faulkner A psychoanalytic Reading of â€Å"A Rose for Emily† Abstract Undoubtedly Sigmund Freud is the father of psychoanalysis. He was an influential thinker of the early twentieth century who elaborated the theory that the mind is a complex energy-system and the structural investigation of which is the proper province of psychology. Freud articulated and refined the concepts of the unconscious, infantile sexuality and repression and he proposed tripartiteRead MoreWilliam Faulkners A Rose for Emily1600 Words   |  7 Pages William Faulkners A Rose for Emily  is set in the small southern town of Jefferson during the early decades of the twentieth century . At this time, vast and cardinal changes were being made by the upcoming new south to conceal and move from the horrid truths that were a part of the towns history. In lieu of this, Jefferson was at a turning point in which they were having difficulty coming to terms with these changes . Integrating Faulkners use of character and symbols with other sources

Pros And Cons In The Outsiders - 802 Words

Robert Frost has once wrote to the world â€Å"Nothing Gold can Stay†. In the novel The Outsiders, most members of the Greasers gang have made bad choices and have made decisions they can’t take back. In the poem â€Å"Nothing Gold can Stay†, it shows how as children, we were all born pure and innocent; but over time we change into adults who have changed to fit their personalities. The environment children grow up in have a large impact on how innocent a child can be. Even as bad events and people come through your life, it is possible to â€Å"say gold†, this is shown through the eyes of Ponyboy in The Outsiders. Dally Winston has been through the most compared to the Curtis’s and the other Greasers. Though Dally has been rejected by his family and†¦show more content†¦11). Johnny was lost and alone, which was different from Dallas Winston. Dally had found where he wanted to go, downhill, while Jonny couldn’t even start to find a path. Even though he was encouraged by bad friends and habits, he refused to act anything like his mother or father. Johnny also wanted to change to be the best he could be while still on Earth. While they were waiting for Dallas to help them out of the abandoned church, he said, â€Å"‘I didn’t mean to,’ he finally blurted out, ‘but they were drowning’ you and I was so scared’†(Hinton, p. 74). Johnny only used his switchblade to protect others, not to fight and rumble like most of the gang. He saved Ponyboy, yet feels so bad for killing Bob; he was an innocent boy trying to find the right way out of the situation, and even risking his life for Pony. Nevertheless, some people disagree with some statements I have made. Another reader may say that Dally is gold and only acts the way he does to get through hard situations, but he isn’t gold for a number of reasons. One of them is his behavior and how the novel shows how acts around others. In the movie theater, instead of letting himself and others enjoy the show, he chooses to do the opposite. The book says, â€Å"He put his feet up on the back of the redhead’s chair, winked at me, and beat his own record for saying something dirty†(Hinton, p. 21). IShow MoreRelatedCase Analysis Ockham Technology932 Words   |  4 Pagesformation Fund-raising Board Composition Pros Cons Bobby Crews 50% equity $10mm Jim, Mike, and Bobby Abundant money Bobby knows little about this business Bobby want half of equity Monarch/Cordova 33% equity $1.5mm Jim, Mike, 1 or 2 VC(s) from M/C, maybe 1 outsider A fast-growing VC Bring more resources/value in the future $2mm Relatively high equity requirement Noro $4mm 18% annual return before anyone getting anything Jim, Mike, 2 VCs from Noro, 1 outsider Biggest VC in the Atlanta area Rich resourcesRead MoreCase 3-3: Rendell Company , Case Analysis on Management Control System1468 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween, should Rendell Company change its control organization structure similar to Martex? FRAMEWORK OF ANALYSIS * Analysis on Rendell and Goal Congruence * Analysis of Rendell’s current control structure (Pros amp; Cons) * Analysis on Martex’s control structure (Pros amp; Cons) * Conclusion amp; Recommendations * Case Questions Rendell Company Rendell Company has seven divisions, each responsible for the manufacturing and marketing their distinct product line with little interdivisionalRead MoreMabuhay Pumps Company1205 Words   |  5 Pagespumps for over 20 years. The firm has always been profitable and relied on home grown talents who have worked with MPC since 15 years ago. The BOD is composed mainly of closed relatives of the founders who have either passed away with a couple of outsiders. Point of View Knowing that MPC is popularly known for their home grown talents, quality products, and trusted specialization in creating residential pumps and have recently established their own a foundry to cast pump housings and assortment fittingsRead MoreFilmore Furniture Ltd1266 Words   |  6 Pagesexperienced employee to be a manager to take charge of the business. Pros: * It is suggested by the five investors, who own 31% of the company shares. * Senior employee has experience and great knowledge about the company. * Lechaise was an excellent operation manager, who was reliable. * If an experienced employee is chosen as a manager, it may bring in more profit and investment ideas. Cons: * Investors do not want to get involved themselves * JeanRead MoreThe Implementation Of School Uniforms1243 Words   |  5 Pagesthe implementation of school uniforms. In the United States, school uniforms have become more and more widespread. Although, some schools disagree with the requirement of a school uniform and decide to require a school dress code instead. The pros and cons of a school uniform are very controversial. Deciding whether a school uniform should be implemented is not a black and white issue. Arguments to support school uniforms state that school uniforms create an altogether better environment for studentsRead MoreThe Procter Gamble Business Strategy1587 Words   |  7 Pagesproducts, faster (Huston Sakkab, 2006). Business Level Strategies to Pursue the New Business Model Procter Gamble followed broad differentiation business strategy through outside source of innovation. Outsourcing innovation is not contracting with outsiders to develop innovations for PG. Outsourcing strategies typically just transfer work to lower-cost providers. Connect and develop, by contrast, is about finding good ideas and bringing them in to enhance and capitalize on internal capabilities (HustonRead MorePlanning Of An Erp Implementation Conducted By The United States Army1367 Words   |  6 Pagesand performance measurement criteria that the army set out for the project. Another important decision was whether to customize the ERP software or to leave it as is and change business practices to match the new software. The case discusses the pros and cons of customization, as well as suggests solutions for each decision. For example, it mentions the acquisition of a bold-on, which can be used when major business requirements cannot be met by delivered ERP software functional ity. Customizing ERPRead MoreFusilier Technology: Old Hand or New Blood1120 Words   |  5 Pagesstrategy to sell customized business solutions. Bill MacLeod, Fusilier’s CEO, has to choose between two different candidates for the top sales job: a veteran sales director who has excelled in the past under the product based sales model, or a brash outsider who has experience selling solutions but does not know the industry. The new customized sales solution has made the decision more difficult because all the incentive programs, as well as training and processes for the sales force for the productRead MoreBusiness Entrepreneurs896 Words   |  4 Pagesliving†, and being the boss of a firm small enough that he or she can manage it comfortably. Finally some business owners dont pursue a growth strategy because they do not want the loss of control that results from bank debt or the sale of stock to outsiders. Question 12 What are advantages and disadvantages of privatization of state- owned business? The privatization of state-owned business enterprises is likely to continue globally for most of these enterprises must expand internationally inRead MoreTanglewood Case 2: Planning1070 Words   |  5 Pagessome more effort than what Is currently being used. One of the pros of using internal promotions for gender and diversity hiring is it’s easier to identify the applicant pool or men, women, blacks, whites, Asians or other ethnicities. It also takes less time to reach a decision on hiring because you already have a track record of that employee. Their competencies and track record already exist and make it easier to evaluate them. A con of internal hiring is that you could still under represent minorities

Women In Combat Essay - 1777 Words

War has been a part of humanity almost as long as humanity itself. However, women at war have not been. History has many stories about exceptional women serving honorably on the battlefield. In many cases Women on the battlefield are liabilities. During World War II both the Soviets and Germans tried placing women on the front lines when they were desperate for fighting soldiers. Male troops forgot their combat responsibilities in order to protect the women fighting beside them. This made their units less effective and exposed them all to greater risk. Both the Soviets and the Germans later barred women from serving in combat. It is mans role to risk his life on a battlefield not a womans. A womans role is to support the man fighting†¦show more content†¦It is likely that any woman POW will be raped. The military is allowing women to fly combat fighters in the Middle East. In his article, Case Against Women in Combat William P. Hoar states that, allowing women to fly combat missions dramatically increases the probability the United States would have women become prisoners of war. In Vietnam and Operation Desert Storm, the great majority of POWs were combat aviators (5). One of the most obvious reasons women should not be serving in combat is their physical limitations. A typical womans upper body strength is not capable of withstanding the demands of sustained ground combat. Their male counterparts will be forced to help them more than they would another male soldier. In his article Women Should Not Serve in Combat K.L. Billingsley provides the following: In 1993 the Marine Corps conducted a three month study with 50 women to determine whether they could be conditioned to meet male fitness standards. Officials found that they could not be. While some women can reach the lower ranges of male ability, they are operating at the p eak of their performance and are therefore under maximum stress. They found that only one out of 100 women can meet the standards asShow MoreRelatedWomen in Combat1883 Words   |  8 PagesWomen in Combat Women in combat is an issue that I believe should be given a little more thought and attention. I personally feel that women should be allowed to be in ground combat operations if they desire to do so. I do not feel that it is fair to exclude someone from performing a job within the military simply due to their gender. I do feel that women who want to go to combat should be able to perform the same physical tasks as the men currently in those positions. This issue hits closeRead MoreWomen in Combat1316 Words   |  6 PagesI m an American soldier too Can a woman handle fighting in combat? Should women be able to come face to face with the enemy? Will women be able to control their emotions and take the horror that war inflicts? Should women be grateful that they are not included in such a terrible thing as combat, or is it wrong to exclude them just because they are women? I say if a woman chooses this kind of challenge, then she is more than capable. During the daring rescue of prisoner of war Jessica LynchRead More Women in Combat Essay1249 Words   |  5 PagesWomen in Combat   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Women have played a tremendous role in many countries armed forces from the past to the present. Women have thoroughly integrated into the armed forces; all positions in the armed forces should be fully accessible to women who can compete with men intellectually and physically. Yet, many argue that the distinction between combat and non-combat becomes blurred in the context of women warfare (Ladin; Holm, Hoar). In actuality, many women are assigned to jobs that willRead MoreEssay on Women in Combat1560 Words   |  7 PagesTherefore, the standards for enlisting in military combat positions are as high as possible to ensure that we can create soldiers that are effective as these â€Å"perfect-world† soldiers. There are obviously men and women who are not able to meet these standards, but there are definitely also men and women who are highly capable of meeting and/or exceeding these standards. While some individuals feel that the biological differences between men and women in combat would put our military at a disadvantage, evidenceRead More Women in Combat Essay1217 Words   |  5 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Women in Front Line Combat When it comes to combat assignments and the needs of the military, men take precedence over all other considerations, including career prospects of female service members. Female military members have been encouraged to pursue opportunities and career enhancement within the armed forces, which limit them only to the needs and good of the service due to women being not as â€Å"similarly situated† as their male counterparts when it comes to strengthRead MoreEssay On Women In Combat1782 Words   |  8 Pages316 October 22, 2017 Women in Combat Since before time, women have always had less power compared to men. Men have always been the ones who have had the power to make decisions, the power to incorporate new ideas, and have a powerful role within society. Unfortunately, in some countries, women are not valued enough nor respected. There have been many cases within some cultures that women live a life of misery because they don’t have freedom. However, in some countries women have gained the rightRead MoreEssay Women in Combat1323 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States military views its diverse force as one of its greatest assets. Senior Air Force leaders recognize the monumental contributions both men and women make in support of their country daily. Americans serving in any branch of service know it is not a nine-to-five job but rather a calling. It is about being a part of the Profession of Arms. Airmen are warriors. The third verse of the Air Force Airman’s Creed states, â€Å"I am an American A irman, Guardian of Freedom and Justice, My Nation’sRead MoreWomen Should Be Legal For Combat977 Words   |  4 PagesWomen should be allowed to serve in combat roles in the military Some argue that women should not serve in combat because; they have never served in any type of combat operations in the history of the American military. Positions in the military have been designed specifically for women and how they perform their duties. No evidence can be produced that women have the abilities, physical strength, or motivation to engage in combat operations, the physical differences from their male counterpartsRead MoreWomen in Combat Roles in the Military851 Words   |  3 PagesPhysical differences between men and women come up in careers such as the military. The military career requires great responsibility, dedication, and sacrifice. The key to achieving a good performance in this field is to have an excellent physical ability. Women with physical training can exceed men without physical training. In addition, women have to have great value to develop this type of careers. The equality and teamwork are two fundamental reasons too. Over the years, it has be en thoughtRead MoreWomen Serving For Combat Positions1464 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction/Objective: Women serving in combat positions has been a highly controversial topic and is openly criticized by many. The push for equality by allowing women to serve in combat positions is not just isolated to a few military branches of service. Secretary Carter stated, â€Å"For the first time in U.S. military history, as long as they qualify and meet specific standards, women will be able to contribute to the Defense Department mission with no barriers at all in their way.† (Pellerin

Dispute Resolution A Conflict Diagnosis Approach

Dispute Resolutions Many people go to litigation for resolving disputes without knowing the alternatives that may possibly be more beneficial to them. The textbook, â€Å"Alternative Dispute Resolution: A Conflict Diagnosis Approach† is a great book that defines and explains the different types of dispute resolutions that can be used to settle a conflict. Some of the dispute resolutions discussed in the book are suitable for specific disputes. And the different type of dispute resolutions has different advantages and disadvantages for disputants. It is important to understand the different types of dispute resolutions, and their processes for resolving conflict in order to select the best dispute resolution to resolving conflicts now and in the future. From the book, I will discuss what I learned from five chapters and explain how the materials will help me in the future. I will be discussing Chapter 1: Defining terms, Chapter 2: Understanding the Foundations of ADR, Chapter 3: Mediation: An Intr oduction, Chapter 4: The Law and Ethics of Mediation and Chapter 5: Arbitration (Coltri, 2009). The Importance to Know and Define Terms Chapter 1 focuses on definitions of three topics. The first topic focuses on interpersonal conflicts. It defined terms that focus on interpersonal conflict. According to Stella Ting-Toomey, she defines interpersonal conflict as â€Å"the perceived and/or actual incompatibilities of needs, interests, and /or goals between two [or more] interdependent parties†Show MoreRelatedEssay on Conflict Diagnosis1102 Words   |  5 PagesConflict Diagnosis Conflict can be found every day in the news. Whether it be in a newspaper, on the Internet, or on the television there is evidence of conflicts over the media. The resolutions are not always clear and it depends on whether a formal form of mediation is used as to whether or not the public will hear of the resolution that came to pass from the conflict. This paper will take a look at one story found on the internet recently that talks about a conflict and how its resolutionRead MoreDispute System Design2695 Words   |  11 PagesDispute Systems Design Ury, Brett, and Goldberg pioneered Dispute Systems Design (DSD) in the 1980s, as a method for resolving intractable or frequent conflicts in troubled organizations, businesses, or entire industries. Their pioneering work was done at the Caney Creek Coal Mine, a mine that had been plagued by strikes in the 1970s.[4] At the center of their method were three heuristics for analyzing conflicts and designing new systems, which could deal with these conflicts quickly and efficientlyRead MoreEssay on Getting to Yes by Roger Fisher1123 Words   |  5 Pagesto Yes by Roger Fisher Whether or not we are aware of it, each of us is faced with an abundance of conflict each and every day. From the division of chores within a household, to asking one’s boss for a raise, we’ve all learned the basic skills of negotiation. A national bestseller, Getting to Yes, introduces the method of principled negotiation, a form of alternative dispute resolutions as opposed to the common method of positional bargaining. Within the book, four basic elements of principledRead MoreGetting to Yes Analysis Essay1118 Words   |  5 PagesWhether or not we are aware of it, each of us is faced with an abundance of conflict each and every day. From the division of chores within a household, to asking ones boss for a raise, weve all learned the basic skills of negotiation. A national bestseller, Getting to Yes, introduces the method of principled negotiation, a form of alternative dispute resolutions as opposed to the common method of positional bargaining. Within the book, four basic elements of principled negotiation are stressed;Read MoreEffects of Conflict3418 Words   |  14 PagesEffects of Conflict on Employee and Organizational Performance By MeLissa Wilson Organizational Behavior, Instructor Sherri Petro Effects of Conflict on Employee and Organizational Performance Outline 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Causes of conflict 1. Personality clashes 2. Lack of leadership 3. Work environment factors 1.3 Types of conflict 1. Interpersonal Conflict 2. Task conflict 3. Procedure Conflict a. Vertical Conflict 1.4 Reason of Conflict 1. InterpersonalRead MoreMeeting of the Minds at a Higher Gear: Evolution through Resolution 1894 Words   |  8 Pagesof the Minds at a Higher Gear: Evolution through Resolution Conflict resolution is a challenging task. Typically for the participating parties it is an experience beyond the physical world; it is about an emotional state. Emotions run high and the facilitator’s role takes on different forms as the process moves forward towards the finish line. Good skills are only as effective if the yield an acceptable, and preferably an amicable, resolution. The key is to ensure that these skills are alwaysRead MoreIndividual Assignment Ben Waters : Question Questions2277 Words   |  10 Pagesdoctor works to bring a person back to health, so too a mediator works to bring a deadlocked negotiation back to a situation where the parties can reach agreement†. This essay discusses this statement with reference to contemporary research on dispute resolution. In order to comprehend how this is achieved, we must consider the DNA helix, the types of mediation, the mediation process and mediation tactics. Negotiation and mediation are processes used to resolve opposing preferences between parties.Read MoreIndividual Assignment Ben Waters : Question Questions2214 Words   |  9 Pagesdoctor works to bring a person back to health, so too a mediator works to bring a deadlocked negotiation back to a situation where the parties can reach agree ment†. This essay discusses this statement with reference to contemporary research on dispute resolution. 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Determining the Static and Kinetic Friction of Wood Essay Example For Students

Determining the Static and Kinetic Friction of Wood Essay Another objective was to compute the measurement of the coefficient of kinetic friction between wood to wood and wood to Auber by measuring the time over which the block of wood is sliding down the plane and the length over which it slid. Using a ramp and a wooden block with two surfaces that were covered with rubber, the set up was prepared to start the first part of the experiment. The angle where the wooden block would start to slide was determined in a trial and error manner by five trials. For coefficient of static friction, the angle of smaller area for wood to wood was 130 while the angle of larger area was 160. For wood to rubber, the angles for small and large area were 280 and 310 respectively. On the second part of the experiment, the set up was still the same like the first but the angles were higher. The results that were gathered were the acceleration and the time of the smaller area and larger area for wood as well as with rubber. Overall, some factors affect the coefficient of friction like surface temperature and pressure and the weight and roughness of object. It was also concluded that the objectives of this experiment have been successfully met. INTRODUCTION Friction is thought to be the evil of all motion since they tend to exert force opposite the direction of a moving object, resulting to a slower velocity. Scientifically friction is define as the resistive force acting between bodies that tends to oppose the motion of an object, and thought to be perpendicular to the surface. 1] This force perpendicular to the surface of the object in motion or at rest is the normal force of the object that is the amount of contact force pushing the two surface at the same direction and that normal force is always equal and opposite to the weight of the object This resistive force is mainly due to the roughness or the irregularity of friction usually produces heat since when two objects come in contact they tend to p ub each other. Another factor that affects the frictional force needed is the coefficient of friction and it is a measure of how an object is move that is how much force one should exert to move the object in a certain direction. Theoretically this coefficient of friction is proportional to the frictional force. And there are two coefficients of fraction a certain object have and this are the coefficient of static friction and coefficient of kinetic friction that is defined as the ratio of frictional force to the normal force on the object. and in order to an object to move one must overcome its coefficient of tactic friction, in short one must exert greater force compared to the weight of the object. From Conical, an object at rest takes a larger force to get moved against the frictional force than to keep it moving In this experiment the group aim to compute the measurement of the coefficient of static friction and the coefficient of kinetic friction between wood to wood as well as wood to rubber METHODOLOGY In this experiment there are two parts of the procedure, first is the measurement of the coefficient of static friction and second is the measurement of the coefficient for the kinetic friction. The friction of a ramp and the wood and also the ramp and rubber was determined. The materials used were a ramp and a wooden block with 2 surfaces covered with rubber. Figure 5. 1 Wooden Block With 2 Surfaces Covered With Rubber In measuring the coefficient of static friction (AS), the set-up was prepared. The ramp was placed in the table, then the wooden block was placed on the ramp. The angle were the wooden block would start to move or slide was determined by lifting the ramp in a trial and error manner. This was done for five trials. .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e , .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e .postImageUrl , .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e , .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e:hover , .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e:visited , .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e:active { border:0!important; } .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e:active , .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub2d78db862469213e633d027e40d6d6e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Story Of Noahs Ark EssayThe angle were the small area of the wooden block was determined first then next is the large area, next as the small area of the rubber surface and then last was the large area of the rubber surface. The coefficient of static friction was determined using the equation as = tang. Next part was determining the coefficient of static friction, a software device to measure friction that was being developed by some personnel of University of the Philippines Baggie was used. The length of the block was measured then the ramp was set to an angle greater than the critical angle of wood to wood measured in the first part of experiment.

Strategic Management of Spark New Zealand-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management of Spark New Zealand Limited. Answer: Introduction This report focuses on the strategy formulation and implementation in an organization. The report describes various level of strategy which will be used to improve the performance of the company in the operating market. For the discussion, the company Spark New Zealand Limited has taken. All the data has taken from the secondary research i.e. from books, journal and other source of information. It is well known that proper strategy is important for the success of the company (Hitt et al, 2009). By the effective strategies, the company will be able to attract more and more customers in the operating market. This report should be present to the top management while company is trying to increase its customer base in the operating market. The discussion of appropriate strategy and implementation for the company Spark New Zealand Limited is described below. Overview of company Spark New Zealand is a telecommunication company of New Zealand providing phone services, strong network and internet service supplier. It is also a major ICT supplier to New Zealand businesses. It is a public traded company since 1990. It is one of the major companies of New Zealand in terms of value. The company is also a part of New Zealand telecommunications business (Bloomberg, 2017). The company was found from a division of New Zealand post office in 1987 and privatized in 1990. The company was divided into three divisions by central government- telecom retail, telecom wholesale, Chorus. Later on, in 2011 Telecom and Chorus become separate listed companies and on august 8, 2014the Company changes its name to Spark New Zealand. The company provides service through three segments i.e., spark home, mobile and business; spark digital and spark connect (IBIS World, 2016). The spark home, mobile and business segment provide mobile and internet services to customers and to small mediu m business market. Vision statement Spark New Zealand is the largest service provider of telecommunication services in New Zealand. Their products and services include value which is creating offerings to all industries around the world. The vision of the spark telecom is to become the partner of choice delivering combined value adding services that increases telecom experience. Mission statement The company also has a mission of connecting and empowering people and communities which help in the development of New Zealand through developing telecommunication centers of excellence for developing creative jobs. Objectives The spark digital has objective to provide telecommunication services to and converged information and communication technology to its customers. The aim is to be connect segment includes its network and IT operations and provide services to wholesale and international customers. The company has objective to provide a wide range of telecommunication, broadband services and internet television; IT services, equipment sales and installation services (Reuters, 2017). PESTEL analysis PESTEL analysis for the company Spark New Zealand Limited is described by six factors in the analysis i.e. political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal. PESTEL analysis for the company is as follows: Political factors The political forces related to the telecom section include those ways by which the government obstructs in the activities and actions of the company. There are various laws imposed by the government and the company is abiding with them. The laws are imposed on the tariffs and products offered by the company. All the new and existing product and technologies offered by the company need to follow the set of rules and regulations imposed by the government (Mansell, 2006). Economic factors There are some economic factors which affect the business activities of Spark New Zealand Limited in the country. The factors i.e. economic growth, inflation and interest rates impact on the operations of the telecom company. For the growth of the telecommunication company, the economic condition of play an important role in the business activities. Major factors that are affecting the growth of Spark New Zealand Limited are the changes in the inflation rates, allocation of funds for development of infrastructure and cost of new licensing etc. Based on the analysis, it is observed that revolutionizes in the money exchange rate also have significant impact on the development of the services in the company. Along with this, there is the high level of competition in the country. Other telecom companies are providing same services at optimum rate which is the big challenge for the Spark New Zealand Limited. To upgrade the services like 3G and 4G, the company requires high amount to get e conomic stability which is very essential. It is observed that the changes in economic conditions have a major impact on the products and services of the company. Social factors The social factors include population and their living style in the country. In the country New Zealand, 90% of people are sophisticated and having common sense. So, the telecom sector is providing regular services at the most favorable prices. Top administration of the company is using this factor by providing high quality services to the customers and gaining competitive advantage in the market. Along with this, company is also focusing on the working and business class people to encourage the market (Blankson et al, 2009). Company is planning to provide effective services by using the values and culture of the customers. Further, company is focused on the marketing and advertising activities by understanding the perception and social belief of the New Zealand market to improve its sales. This type of strategy is helping Spark New Zealand Limited to attract the customers and enhance the number of customers by creating social appeal (Taghizadeh et al, 2013). Technological factors It can be seen that there is continuous improvement in the tools and techniques to improve the more effective telecommunication services and network. For Spark New Zealand Limited, it is also a challenge for the company to implement new technology and upgrade of existing infrastructure in the country. Based on the evaluation of products and services of the company, it is analyzed that quality and modification in the services always have the positive impact on the business. Implementation of new technology i.e. GPS, Wi-Fi, and internet calling is important to meet the benchmarking standard in both local as well as international market. Along with this, the cost of implementing and developing the technical tools is very high which will impact the cost incurred in the services that the company is providing to the customers. This is a significant aspect which has significant impact on the development of the company in telecommunication sector. There is the need to be focused on the techn ical development parts by the top management of company to provide better services for positive business outcome (Schilling, 2010). Environmental factors The ecological factors i.e. global warming and climate change always affect the business of Telecommunication Company. These factors affect on the process to of reach the telecommunication products to the customers. Apart from this, in terms of employment and technology advancement, there is the need to adapt the change by the employees. Spark New Zealand Limited always encourages the customers to dispose the accessories and handset safely by the settlement of recycling program (Taylor et al, 2012). Legal Factors The legal factors include the rules and regulations imposed by the government of the country. Legislation framed by the government of the New Zealand and those regulations affect the business of telecommunication industry. The legal framework of New Zealand includes the rules related to the taxation and interest rates for the telecom industry. The taxation policy has the significant impact on the business process of Telecom Company in the country. The telecom company has to follow the rules framed by the government of the company as these rules are in favor of the business as well as country (Halbert Ingulli, 2011). Corporate level strategy The corporate level strategy of Spark New Zealand Limited includes four pats i.e. finance, HR, sales and IT and RD. Finance For the growth and expansion, the company will establish new stores and new network stations to provide better quality services to the customers. The purchasing requires huge financial resources. Along with this, financial resources will also be needed in the promotional activities. Human resource The support from human resource is very important from the perspective of the business execution. There will be full support from the HR would be in the form of skilled and talented people to perform the job role in the business. The expansion strategy the company includes new system and new stores and this would require additional employees across new regions. This will be effectively achieved by the proper HR functions of the company. Sales The adequate support would be required from the marketing and sales functions to provide the services across new regions. This would be important to make the customers aware about the new services in the new areas. The positive sales will be accomplished by the extra efforts in developing new offers for the customers (Hill, Jones Schilling, 2014). IT and RD This function is crucial for the company to accomplish the corporate level strategy of the business. The role of technology is important in the telecom industry. The RD function is helpful for the company to identify the best possible technology that can provide best possible quality in terms of mobile and network. The IT functions will allow the company to execute its strategy successfully (Ambrosini Bowman, 2009). Business level strategy In the business level strategy, there are some points which should be focused by the company Spark New Zealand Limited. In the business level strategy, there are four points i.e. strategic planning, business planning, and business development and risk management. Strategic Planning To operate the business successfully in the market, it is important for the company to have appropriate strategy for the business growth and success in the operating market. There should be some strategies to set the priorities of the business in the company. The strategy should cover following area: Maintaining high ethical standards, Understanding and responding to the priorities of the stakeholders, Ensuring the operating standards within the business activities, Delivering the commitments in the three main areas i.e. responsibility for the customer, recycling and reusing of mobile phones and climate changes, Capturing the potential of mobile for creating socio-economic values by the effective communications, By these areas, the company Spark New Zealand Limited will be able to identify core areas and activities of the business. These set strategies are helpful to meet the business goals and priorities (Mooradian, Matzler Ring, 2012). Business planning In the business planning, the company Spark New Zealand Limited should identify the strategic priorities for the business operations in the operating market. Company should establish the suite of qualitative and quantitative KPIs for the growth of the business. In every six months, company has to analyze the business process to eliminate various issues. Along with this, the company should run a workshop for managers of the company so that they can deal with the various issuers in the business operations. The conducted workshops provide various opportunities for the employees in the business, effective strategies and share best practices (Wheelen Hunger, 2011). Further, Spark New Zealand Limited will use a Group-wide issue management process to make sure that various issues are managed in the long term planning of the company. The board of the company will ensure the strategic decision making process to deal with the new issues (Trott, 2010). Business development For the business development process, the company Spark New Zealand Limited has to consider the process of merger and acquisition (MA). The company has to consider the business issues i.e. country of operations, local supply chain, environmental rules and regulations, and reviewing the policies and programs. In terms of product development, Spark New Zealand Limited will focus on the strategies by which the company can meet the social needs of the customers. For example, social needs of the customers related to the network coverage (Srensen, 2012). Functional strategy In the functional strategy, there are four strategies which should be focused by the Spark New Zealand Limited in the business operations. The strategies for the company are as follows: Marketing mix For the company Spark New Zealand Limited, the long term marketing strategy can be implemented by the careful planning and successful marketing mix. Marketing mix for the company is as follows: Product- Product includes features and benefits of the offered goods and services, Price- This includes the cost of the products and services at which the customer can buy them, Place- This include the marketplace where the products and services can be purchased, Promotion- This includes the marketing and advertising strategies by which the customers can be aware about the products and services (Mullins, 2010). Product Products include various features which are provided by the company to the customers. The products include the opportunity to play games, chats, send and receive the pictures, information about sporting events, taking the billing information and view the video clips etc. The Services offered by Spark New Zealand Limited are as follows: Finance, Astrology, Downloads, Entertainment, Sports News, Travel, Call management services, Internet bonus card, Mail messaging, Bill Info, Bonus card Price The objective of the company Spark New Zealand Limited is to make the services available for the customers as much as possible. The services can be made available for the people by the high powered business executives to more mature business users. So, the company will offer various pricing structures based on the various customer groups. Along with this, there will be monthly price plans available as well as prepay options. Phone users can pay their bills by the internet and online payment methods. Further, the reward system will also be there on the calls, text messages, ring tones and picture messages (Grnroos, 2007). Place For making the product and services available to the customers, it is important for the company to create a suitable market place. For the company Spark New Zealand Limited, company will focus on opening more stores in the country. The objective is to open around 300 stores in the each city of the country. Along with this, the company can also sell its products by the independent retailers. At the stores of the company, there will be sales person who will ensure the needs of the customers are matched with the right product and provide the various options to the customers if available. Promotion Advertising and promotion activities are important for the growth and success of the products in the market. Spark New Zealand Limited use effective promotional activities to attract the customers for the sales of the innovative products. In case of the promotional activities, company should work with the icons to communicate its brand values with the customers. There are other promotional strategies which should be adopted by the company i.e. advertisements on TV, on billboards, in magazines and many other media outlets which can be reached to the large audiences. Advertisements on these media outlets will be helpful for the company to spread the brand image and message of the company very effectively. This is known as above the line promotion. Further, stores of the company should have special offers, point of sales posters and promotions to attract the customers. In improving the brand image of the company, the stores, products and the staff of the company can be very useful. Alon g with this, company has to develop good public relations by the press releases in the national newspaper and magazines to explain about the new products and services (Vieceli Valos, 2011). SWOT analysis To create the effective strategies for the company, it is important to analyze the internal and external marketing environment of the company in the operating market. The analysis can be done by the SWOT analysis of the company. The SWOT analysis for the company Spark New Zealand Limited is described below- Strength: Expanded environmental collection having strong cellular and telecommunication business in the country New Zealand, Group of strong network transportation, Strongly renowned name in the country, Strong presence in the cities, Strong presence in the rising market, Effective and strong advertising campaign, Good infrastructure Weakness: Low share price in the market from the technical perspective, Strong competitors in the market i.e. Vodafone, and BT group PLC etc. Not able to cover the urban and rural areas, and Brand image of catering only to urban and sub urban areas. Opportunities: Should focus on increasing income and decreasing cost, Need of investigation and improvement of new and innovative mobile technologies, Need of new tax free plans and offers for customers, Facility of mobile number portability, Need to cover rural areas by the technology Threats: Strong and high competitive market to face, Still at the back of most of the competitors, Issue of mobile number portability, Entry of new licenses and lower tariffs by other companies (Gitman McDaniel, 2008), Human resources Recruitment and orientation- For the growth of the company in the country, it is important to have effective and well trained staff to perform their duty in the business. This is one of the areas which need improvement. By the effective policies of human resource management, company can have effective staff in the business. By the aggressive acquisition, Spark New Zealand Limited can increase the number of working employees within the company. This can be achieved by the number of HR policies and the standardizing these policies and practices (Leopold, John. Harris, 2009). At the global level, it is crucial to provide induction training to all the new employees by the workshops which will talk about the policies of the company. Further, the company will also conduct an annual employee survey that will include about whether the company is generating trust and properly managing its environmental impact. The company will seek the approval of the employees on what they are doing. The employees report will be highly motivated due to the initiatives of the company. The website of Spark New Zealand limited will also be used to collect the information and ideas from the employees (Courtney, Marnoch Williamson, 2009). Training- For the successful business operations, it is essential to deliver a variety of global training to the new employees by the use of e-tools such as e-module. Spark New Zealand Limited will try to develop a set of new indicators to identify the number of employees who have received the training. The company will also include training for the managers. A session will be included in the global management development program for the senior managers. Spark New Zealand Limited will focus on working at the standardizing processes related to the training process for the employees. There will be learning training course on the business principles for all the employees. If the company will get success in the training session, then this would be rolled out across all the local operating companies (Brady et al, 2007). Competitors of Spark New Zealand Limited Competition in the telecommunication market has also increased with the entry of many new companies in the communication market. One of the major competitors of Competitors of Spark New Zealand Limited is Vector communication Limited. This company has high-capacity optic and extensive network in all over the country. The company Vector is operating in the wholesale market. Further, another competitor for Competitors of Spark New Zealand Limited is Kordia Limited which is known as Broadcast Communication Limited. The company operates a wireless network in the market. Spark New Zealand Limited has to deal with these competitors by the innovative technologies. Strategy Implementation Resources Strategy Development Choice To get effective position of the business in the country, Spark New Zealand Limited has to develop some effective strategies. By evaluating the current strategic choices, and analyzing the position in the industry, the company can be able to form a future strategy. The strategic choices are related to the business strategy, strategy methods and strategic directions. Some methods can be used to form the current and future state of the company. The company will use some generic strategies i.e. cost leadership, differentiation strategy and focus. Strategies for the company Spark New Zealand Limited are as follows: Cost leadership Aim of this strategy is to gain competitive advantage by being the lowest cost provider in telecom industry including the number of included minutes, text and data. The aim of this strategy is to sustain the infrastructure. The focus of the company is to maintain the profitability in the competitive environment. Under this strategy, the company will be able to sell the products below average industry prices to earn higher profit as compared to the competitors. to be a successful company in the telecom sector, the company has to compete on the cost of products and services with retaining the existing and attracting new customers. This objective can be achieved by cutting down the cost. This strategy would be beneficial where the target market is price sensitive (Johnson, Whittington Scholes, 2011). Differentiation strategy The objective of differentiation strategy is to achieve the competitive advantage by creating unique product or service by company that is valued by the customers. Differentiated products or services are able to satisfy the requirements of the customers by the sustainable competitive advantage. By the differentiation strategy, Spark New Zealand Limited has to bear additional costs to create their competitive advantage. By the unique services and products such as 4G, Total communication (fixed, mobile and TV), company will add more value for the customers. Customers always value high speed network and latest new unique mobile and they are always willing to spend those products or services. But there are risks involved with this strategy i.e. customers can become price sensitive and can chose on price rather than uniqueness (Cole, 2013). Focus strategy The competitive advantage is generated specially for the niche. The company follows the generic strategy to enjoy high degree of customer loyalty. Spark New Zealand Limited can either use a cost focus or differentiation focus. Telecommunication Company is always focused on developing new methods of innovations in the communication so that it can bring new service to the market i.e. mobile money transfer and Ease of shopping (Danso, 2014). Approach to implementation strategy To get success in the telecom market, it is important for the company to implement the strategy after the strategy choice. Spark New Zealand Limited will focus on the marketing plan to get the success in attracting thousands of new subscribers with its current approaches. The company will focus on the messaging and advertising strategies to attract the customers. To implement the strategy, company will focus on the two basic approaches i.e. organizational change approach and collaborative approach (Rothaermel, 2013). Organizational change approach- Under this approach, managers assumes that good strategy must be implemented to achieve the set goals and objectives. For this manner, company will focus on the required change in the business operations. The company Spark New Zealand Limited will focus on the appropriate changes in the personal, structure, reward system and information to improve the performance of the company in New Zealand market. Collaborative approach- Under this approach, top managers of the company take in charge of the strategy formulation. Other members of team contribute with their point of views to implement the strategy. Spark New Zealand Limited will include the top management to develop an effective marketing plan so that the company can attract more and more customers. All the managers will be involved in implementing marketing tactics for the strategy formulation (Freeman, 2010). Resources for implementing strategy In Spark New Zealand Limited, strategy implementation includes some resources i.e. physical resources, and financial resources. Physical resources To implement the strategy for successful business, there is the need of physical resources in the company. The resources will include location of the stores, investment and maintenance requirements, quality services, marketing process, distribution channels, and use of information technology (Alkhafaji, 2011). Human resources Nest resource is human resources which is important to hire skilled people in the business. To implement the business strategy successfully, the company focus on the number of staff by location, function, experience, standard of training, and changes required resources like change of location, change in services etc. Financial resources Last one is financial resources which is crucial to finance the chosen strategy. Strategy needs to be carefully managed from a finance point-of-view. In the company, financial resources include shareholder capital, working capital, creditors. Effective use of financial resources will improve the relationship of the company with existing investors (Duncan, Moriarty, 2007) Recommendations There are some recommendations for the company Spark New Zealand Limited for the effective strategy implementations. The recommendations are as follows: The company should focus on the marketing in terms the advertising. It is recommended that company should in the celebrity endorse campaign. This will be fit in the objective of the company. Company should use the joint ventures such as Health and safety to improve the brand image in the market. The company should use the bottom of the pyramid strategy to provide internet based phone services with the advanced technology. This will be helpful in attracting more customers. Company y should also focus on the global strategy to identify the cultural and legal requirements at the global level. This will further improve the corporate social responsibility of the company for society. Conclusion From the above discussion, it is analyzed that the company Spark New Zealand Limited is famous company of telecommunication sector in New Zealand. The company is doing well in the market but there is strong competition in the market. By the above discussion, it is clear that by the proper strategy formulation and implementation, company will be able to get the desired position in the telecom market of New Zealand. References Alkhafaji, A. F. (2011). Strategic management: formulation, implementation, and control in a dynamic environment. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal. 25(2) Ambrosini, V. Bowman, C. (2009). What are dynamic capabilities and are they a useful construct in strategic management: International Journal of Management Reviews.11(1). Pp. 29-49 Blankson, C., Shih-Tse Wang, E. and Shui-Lien Chen, L. (2009). 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